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Introduction The Pandemonium Model, introduced by Oliver Selfridge in 1959, is a feature-matching model of pattern recognition. Its central metaphor involves a collection of metaphorical “demons,” each with specific roles
Ecological Paradigm in Cognitive Psychology The ecological paradigm in cognitive psychology offers a compelling shift from traditional cognitive models by emphasizing the importance of culture, context, and the body in
Introduction The Information Processing Paradigm, rooted in cognitive psychology, draws on the analogy of the human mind as a computer, focusing on how information is encoded, stored, and retrieved. Information
Cognitive Map A cognitive map is a mental representation of spatial information that helps us navigate and understand our environment. This concept extends beyond simple visual images; it encompasses the
Introduction Although cognitive psychology is a relatively young field, its roots can be traced back to the philosophies of Aristotle. To truly appreciate the complex and fascinating history of cognitive
Aspect that reinforces the brain-behavior relationship is the behavioral changes observed after brain injury. In fact, neuroscience is responsible for seeking links between specific brain structures and certain behavior. Mainly
Neuro-psychology. Neuro-psychology is a field that combines neurology and psychology and studies the relationship between brain and behavior. It studies the cognitive processes. It tries to understand which part of
Critical Thinking. Critical thinking is the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as
IQ. The abbreviation “IQ” was coined by the psychologist William Stern for the German term Intelligence quotient. IQ was a score obtained by dividing a person’s mental age score, obtained
Critical Thinking: Critical thinking means making reasoned judgments that are logical and well-thought out. It is a way of thinking in which you don’t simply accept all arguments and conclusions
Introduction Cognitive Phenomena – All forms of knowing and awareness, such as perceiving, conceiving, remembering, reasoning, judging, imagining, and problem solving. It is one of the traditionally identified components of
Reading is a challenging cognitive task that differs from understanding spoken language in several respect. Reading involves perception, language, memory, thinking, and intelligence (Adams, 1990,1999; Garrod & Daneman, 2003; Smith,